Hydrostatic Pneumatic Pipe Test Guide - Cov Qauv

Kev ntsuas siab yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ruaj ntseg zoo hauv kev tsim cov yeeb nkab thiab cov kav dej ua haujlwm. Lub hom phiaj yog los xyuas kom meej tias cov yeeb nkab lossis cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tuaj yeem muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev tsim lub siab yam tsis muaj dej los yog tawg. Factory pressure testing (kev ntsuam xyuas hydrostatic ntawm txhua cov yeeb nkab ntev ntawm lub zeb) kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv yeeb nkab thiab welds (rau cov yeeb nkab welded) yog suab ua ntej xa khoom. Tom qab- kev txhim kho qhov kev ntsuas siab xyuas kom paub tseeb tias tag nrho cov kav dej sib sau ua ke - suav nrog thaj chaw welds, flanged pob qij txha, thiab cov xov sib txuas - yog leak- nruj thiab tsim nyog rau kev pabcuam.

Cov qauv tsim nyog tswj xyuas kev ntsuas siab rau feem ntau cov ntawv thov yeeb nkab. API 5L yuav tsum tau kuaj hydrostatic ntawm txhua cov yeeb nkab ntev. ASTM A106, A53, thiab A333 kuj yuav tsum tau kuaj hydrostatic. ASME B31.3 (Cov Txheej Txheem Piping) yuav tsum tau ntsuas qhov system siab tom qab kev teeb tsa, feem ntau ntawm 1.5 npaug ntawm qhov tsim siab. Cov ntaub ntawv xeem dhau los ua ib feem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj zoo rau cov kav dej, muab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev ua raws li cov cai siv tau thiab kev lees paub ntawm kev ua haujlwm nyab xeeb.

Kev ntsuas hydrostatic siv dej ua qhov ntsuas nruab nrab. Cov yeeb nkab tau ntim nrog dej, tag nrho cov huab cua yog vented, thiab lub siab yog nce mus rau qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas uas siv lub twj tso kua mis zoo -. Kev ntsuas siab feem ntau yog xam raws li 1.5 npaug ntawm qhov kev tsim siab ntawm qhov tsim qhov kub thiab txias, kho qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntsuas kub thiab qhov ntsuas kub (vim cov khoom siv zog yog siab dua ntawm qhov kub qis). Cov mis rau hydrostatic test siab yog: P_test=1.5 x P_design x (S_test / S_design), qhov twg S_test yog qhov tso cai rau kev ntxhov siab ntawm qhov ntsuas kub thiab S_design yog qhov tso cai rau kev ntxhov siab ntawm qhov tsim kub.

Thaum qhov kev ntsuas siab mus txog, lub twj tso kua mis raug cais tawm thiab lub siab yog tuav rau lub sijhawm xav tau. API 5L qhia txog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tuav lub sijhawm ntawm 5 vib nas this rau seamless yeeb nkab thiab 10 vib nas this rau welded yeeb nkab, txawm hais tias ntau qhov project specifications yuav tsum tau 1-2 teev rau kev kuaj system. Thaum tuav, lub siab yuav tsum nyob ruaj khov (tsis muaj qhov poob qhia tias tsis muaj qhov xau), thiab tag nrho cov pob qij txha raug kuaj pom pom kev xau. Tom qab kev sim, cov dej ntws tawm, thiab cov yeeb nkab yog qhuav (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov yeeb nkab steel hlau los tiv thaiv corrosion). Ib daim ntawv ntsuas hydrostatic test recorder plots siab piv rau lub sij hawm muab cov ntaub ntawv mus tas li ntawm qhov kev xeem.

Kev ntsuas pneumatic siv cua lossis roj inert (feem ntau nitrogen) ua qhov ntsuas nruab nrab. Nws yog siv thaum kuaj hydrostatic tsis zoo: rau cov tshuab uas tsis tuaj yeem zam cov dej (cov kav dej oxygen, cov tshuab cryogenic, qee cov txheej txheem tshuaj), rau cov tshuab uas yuav raug puas tsuaj los ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov dej (cov kav dej siv hluav taws xob nrog kev txhawb nqa tsis txaus), thiab rau cov tshuab uas ua tiav cov kua dej thiab ziab tom qab kuaj hydrostatic tsis ua tau.

Kev sim pneumatic muaj kev nyab xeeb ntau dua li kev sim hydrostatic vim tias cov roj compressed khaws ntau lub zog ntau dua li cov kua compressed. Yog tias cov yeeb nkab tsis ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm kuaj pneumatic, qhov kev tso tawm ntawm cov pa compressed tam sim ntawd tuaj yeem ua rau tawg tawg nrog cov teebmeem tawg thiab tawg. Vim li no, kev sim pneumatic yuav tsum tau ceev faj ntxiv: thaj chaw sim yuav tsum tau thaiv thiab tshem tawm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, cov ntsuas ntsuas siab yuav tsum tau nyeem nyob deb, thiab qhov ntsuas siab feem ntau txwv rau 1.1-1.25 npaug ntawm qhov tsim siab (qis ntau dua li hydrostatic). Kev ntsuam xyuas hydrostatic yeej ib txwm nyiam tshaj pneumatic thaum lub kaw lus tuaj yeem zam dej.

Parameter	Hydrostatic	Pneumatic
Test Medium	Dej	Cua los yog inert gas
Kev ntsuas siab ntau	1.5 x design	1.1-1.25 x tsim
Kev nyab xeeb	Kev nyab xeeb - qis zog tso tawm ntawm kev ua tsis tiav	Muaj kev phom sij - explosive zog tso tawm
Leak Detection Sensitivity	Visual (drips)	Audible, kuaj npuas, siab lwj
Tshaj tawm -Test Cleanup	Dej thiab ziab yuav tsum tau	Tsis xav tau
Zoo tshaj rau	General piping systems	Kev pabcuam roj, oxygen, cryogenic

API 5L qhia txog kev ntsuas hydrostatic ntawm txhua cov yeeb nkab ntev. Rau seamless yeeb nkab, qhov kev sim siab yuav tsum ua kom muaj kev ntxhov siab sib npaug li 60% ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov tsawg kawg nkaus lub zog (SMYS) tab sis tsis tshaj 3,000 psi (20.7 MPa). Rau welded yeeb nkab, qhov yuav tsum tau sib txawv ntawm qib: rau Gr.B txog X65, qhov kev ntsuam xyuas kev ntxhov siab yog 85% ntawm SMYS; rau X70 thiab siab dua, nws yog 90% ntawm SMYS. ASTM A106/A53 yuav tsum tau kuaj hydrostatic tab sis qhov kev ntsuas siab tsis tau qhia meej meej hauv tus qauv - cov chaw tsim khoom xaiv lub siab uas ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab fiber ntau ntawm 60% ntawm SMYS. ASME B31.3 xav kom lub kaw lus ntsuas siab yog 1.5 npaug ntawm qhov tsim siab ntawm qhov ntsuas kub. Rau kev sim pneumatic, B31.3 tso cai rau qhov ntsuas siab tshaj plaws ntawm 1.1 npaug ntawm qhov tsim siab. PED 2014/68/EU yuav tsum muaj kev ntsuas siab raws li cov qauv kev sib haum xeeb rau CE cim cov khoom siv siab.

Cov txheej txheem ntsuas dej ua kom tiav suav nrog: (1) Ua ntej- kev sim npaj: cov yeeb nkab kaw xaus nrog lub kaus mom lossis flanges, txuas mus rau lub twj tso kua mis, nruab qhov cua ntawm qhov chaw siab, nruab qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas siab (hauv qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas siab, qhov tseeb ± 1%), thiab sau nrog dej thaum tso pa tawm. (2) Pressurization: nce siab nyob rau theem (25%, 50%, 75%, 100% ntawm kev ntsuas siab), ncua ntawm txhua theem rau kev kuaj pom. (3) Kuaj tuav: tswj kev ntsuas siab rau lub sijhawm xav tau, thaum lub sijhawm tsis tso cai rau kev poob siab. (4) Kev tshuaj xyuas: taug kev tag nrho cov kav dej tshuaj xyuas tag nrho cov pob qij txha, kev sib txuas, thiab cov yeeb nkab lub cev rau cov dej xau. (5) Depressurization: maj mam tso siab, ntws dej, thiab ua kom qhuav. Txhua kauj ruam yog sau nrog lub sijhawm, siab, thiab tus neeg soj ntsuam kos npe.

Piv txwv 1: 4-nti SCH 40 A106 Gr.B yeeb nkab, tsim siab 10 MPa ntawm 200℃. S_design=117 MPa (A106 Gr.B ntawm 200 degree), S_ambient=138 MPa. P_test=1.5 x 10 x (138/117)=17.7 MPa. Kev ntsuas siab yog 17.7 MPa (kwv yees li 2,570 psi).

Piv txwv 2: 8-nti SCH 80 API 5L X52 yeeb nkab, tsim siab 15 MPa ntawm ambient kub. SMYS=359 MPa, hoop stress ntawm 85% SMYS=305 MPa. P_test=(2 x 305 x 12.70) / 219.1=35.3 MPa, tab sis txwv rau 3,000 psi (20.7 MPa) rau API 5L. Yog li P_test=20.7 MPa.

Yog tias pom cov pa xau thaum lub sijhawm kuaj, lub siab tso tawm, qhov chaw xau raug txheeb xyuas, thiab qhov tsis xws luag yog kho los ntawm kev sib tsoo (rau cov pinholes saum npoo) lossis vuam (rau ntawm - qhov tsis xws ntawm phab ntsa). Tom qab kho, cov yeeb nkab lossis cov txheej txheem rov ua dua ntawm tib qhov kev sim siab. Cov qauv feem ntau tso cai rau qee qhov kev kho tshiab (xws li API 5L tso cai rau 3 qhov kev kho ib lub yeeb nkab ntev ua ntej cov yeeb nkab yuav tsum tau txo qis los yog muab pov tseg). Txhua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas yuav tsum tau sau tseg. Yog tias cov yeeb nkab ua tsis tiav vim yog cov khoom siv tsis xws luag (lamination, tawg) ntau dua li qhov tsis xws li vuam, tag nrho cov yeeb nkab ntev yog feem ntau tsis lees paub.

ManufacturerPipe ua 100% Hoobkas hydrostatic kuaj ntawm tag nrho cov seamless thiab welded yeeb nkab ua ntej xa khoom. Peb cov tshuab kuaj dej hydrostatic tuaj yeem kuaj cov yeeb nkab ntawm 1/2 "mus rau 48" ntawm qhov siab txog 100 MPa (15,000 psi). Peb tuav NIST-tuaj yeem ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas thiab muab cov ntawv qhia txog kev ntsuas hydrostatic rau txhua cov yeeb nkab lossis cov xov tooj cua sov. Kev ntsuas pneumatic muaj nyob rau hauv cov neeg siv khoom thov nrog kev ceev faj txog kev nyab xeeb. Thib peb-cov koom haum soj ntsuam (SGS, BV, Intertek) tuaj yeem ua pov thawj ntawm lub Hoobkas raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm kev yuav khoom. Cov ntawv xeem ob hom lus (Suav / Lus Askiv) yog tus qauv rau kev xa khoom thoob ntiaj teb.

Hu rau peb pab neeg zoo los tham txog koj cov kev xav tau kev xeem thiab tau txais cov ntawv pov thawj cov yeeb nkab nrog cov ntaub ntawv xeem tiav.

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